endobj <5350454349414C2050524F544543544956452045515549504D454E5420464F5220464952454649474854455253>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 485.75 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 485.75 Td 0 Tw >> /Subtype /Type1 /Resources 59.40 91.35 Td 0 Tw <2020204F72616C>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 79.75 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 79.75 Td 0 Tw <202020526174>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 68.15 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 68.15 Td 0 Tw 59.40 381.35 Td 0 Tw <4D6F6C6563756C617220576569676874202038362E303920414D55>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 369.75 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 369.75 Td 0 Tw 12 0 R In humans GBL acts as a prodrug for γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), and it is used as a … >> << 59.40 682.95 Td 0 Tw <20202061667465726275726E657220616E642073637275626265722E204F62736572766520616C6C206665646572616C2C2073746174652C20616E64206C6F>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 494.10 682.95 Td 0 Tw <63616C>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 671.35 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 288.55 Td 0 Tw <37202D2048616E646C696E6720616E642053746F72616765>Tj ET q 0 0 0 RG 0.55 w 59.40 279.85 m 549.30 279.85 l S Q 0 g BT 18.00 276.95 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 265.35 Td 0 Tw << <31202D2050726F6475637420616E6420436F6D70616E7920496E666F726D6174696F6E>Tj ET q 0 0 0 RG 0.55 w 59.40 616.25 m 549.30 616.25 l S Q 0 g BT 18.00 613.35 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 601.75 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT <204E756D626572>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 416.15 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 416.15 Td 0 Tw <47414D4D412D42555459524F4C4143544F4E452020202020202020202020202020202039362D34382D3020202020203230322D3530392D3520204E6F6E65>Tj ET 0 g BT [29], Frequent use of GHB or GBL, even when taken long-term and in moderate doses, does not appear to cause significant physical dependency in the majority of its users. <202020202020202020202020202020202020342D44656F7879746574726F6E69632061636964202A204469687964726F2D32283348292D667572616E6F6E65>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 494.10 300.15 Td 0 Tw <202A>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 288.55 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT /F001 11.50 Tf q 0 0 0 RG 0.55 w 59.40 767.05 m 549.30 767.05 l S Q 0 g BT 18.00 764.15 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 752.55 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 752.55 Td 0 Tw BT 18.00 416.15 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 416.15 Td 0 Tw <2020202020776174657220616E64207365656B206D65646963616C206164766963652E2057656172207375697461626C652070726F74656374697665>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 404.55 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj [7][40], United States: GBL is regulated as a List I controlled chemical. /Type /Page 18.00 729.35 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 729.35 Td 0 Tw <2020204D6F757365>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 717.75 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 717.75 Td 0 Tw <202020526F757465206F66204170706C69636174696F6E3A204F72616C>Tj ET 18.00 497.35 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 497.35 Td 0 Tw <434C415353494649434154494F4E20414E44204C4142454C494E47204143434F5244494E4720544F2045552044495245435449564553>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 485.75 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0000058627 00000 n << <414654455220534B494E20434F4E54414354>Tj ET 0000059695 00000 n /Contents 4 0 R <20202020204861726D66756C206966207377616C6C6F7765642E2049727269746174696E6720746F20657965732E>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 439.35 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 439.35 Td 0 Tw <202020532D504852415345533A203236203336>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 427.75 Td endobj The Act also prohibits the import and export of GBL into or out of Canada classifying it as either an indictable offense punishable with up to 10 years in prison or an offense punishable on summary conviction liable to imprisonment for up to eighteen months. >> The ring-opening polymerization of butyrolactone gives polybutyrolactone. /Font endobj <202020202020202020202020202020202020342D487964726F7879627574797269632061636964206C6163746F6E65202A20342D487964726F787962757479>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 494.10 253.75 Td 0 Tw <726963>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 242.15 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 2 0 obj [20] GBL overdose can cause irrational behaviour, severe sickness, coma and death.[21]. <202020466F722052264420757365206F6E6C792E204E6F7420666F7220647275672C20686F757365686F6C64206F72206F7468657220757365732E>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 91.35 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 79.75 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 68.15 Td 0 Tw <20666F72>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 323.35 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 323.35 Td 0 Tw <202020646973706F73616C2E2056656E74696C617465206172656120616E642077617368207370696C6C2073697465206166746572206D6174657269616C>Tj ET 0 g BT 59771 <202020446972656374696F6E7320666F7220536166652048616E646C696E673A20446F206E6F742062726561746865207661706F722E2041766F6964>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 242.15 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 242.15 Td 0 Tw 18 0 R ], Gamma-Hydroxybutyric_acid § Sports_and_athletics, Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, "A Change to the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 : Control of GBL, 1,4-BD, BZP and related piperazine compounds, a further group of anabolic steroids and 2 non-steroidal agents, synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists and oripavine", "New, fully recyclable and biodegradable plastic could change the world", "Gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) Pre-Review Report", "Simultaneous stimulation of slow-wave sleep and growth hormone secretion by gamma-hydroxybutyrate in normal young Men", "Erowid GHB vault: FDA Warning about Gamma Butyrlactone", "USDOJ: U.S. Department of Justice Archive National Drug Intelligence Center", "Drogue : " L'interdiction de vente au public du GBL n'a rien changé à la consommation, "Coroner's 'Russian roulette' warning over GBL party drug", "GBL drug death identified by UK doctors", GHB addiction, GHB physical n psychological dependency levels, Crew 2000 | GHB/ GBL Dependancy | | Drugs information, advice & support, Scotland, UK, LAW AND JUSTICE LEGISLATION AMENDMENT (SERIOUS DRUG OFFENCES AND OTHER MEASURES) ACT 2005 NO. <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 149.35 Td 0 Tw <202020436F707972696768742032303035205369676D612D416C647269636820436F2E204C6963656E7365206772616E74656420746F206D616B6520756E6C>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 494.10 149.35 Td 0 Tw <696D69746564>Tj ET 0 g [/PDF /Text] 18.00 300.15 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 300.15 Td 0 Tw <202020446F73653A20353030204D472F4B47>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 288.55 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 288.55 Td 0 Tw /F001 11.50 Tf 0 g BT 18.00 764.15 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 764.15 Td 0 Tw <20202052657370697261746F72792050726F74656374696F6E3A20476F7665726E6D656E7420617070726F7665642072657370697261746F722E>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 752.55 Td 0 Tw gamma-Butyrolactone, ReagentPlus (R), >=99 Percent (DEA List I Chemical), also known as -Butyrolactone or 4-butyrolactone, is a hygroscopic liquid with a weak odor. /Type /Pages 204-205 °C Matrix Scientific: 204-205 °C Matrix Scientific 085302: 204-205 °C (Literature) LabNetwork LN00184461 12 °C / 89 mmHg (71.6944 °C / 760 mmHg) FooDB FDB003392 204-205 °C Parchem – fine & specialty chemicals 30317: 204-205 °C Sigma-Aldrich SAJ-03-5330 <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 462.55 Td 0 Tw <202020522D504852415345533A203232203336>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 450.95 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 450.95 Td 0 Tw /ProcSet endstream It is further claimed that poly(GBL) is cheaper to make than P4HB, although both are bio-derived. SDS. /F001 3 0 R << <2020202020202020202020202020202020204275747972796C6163746F6E65202A204275747972796C206C6163746F6E65202A20432D31303730202A>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 300.15 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 300.15 Td 0 Tw 59.40 601.75 Td 0 Tw <50726F64756374204E616D65202020202020202020202020202020202047414D4D412D42555459524F4C4143544F4E452C2052454147454E54504C55532854>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 494.10 601.75 Td 0 Tw <4D292C>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 590.15 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj 549.30 117.45 l S Q 0 g BT 18.00 114.55 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 102.95 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 102.95 Td 0 Tw <414654455220494E48414C4154494F4E>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 91.35 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg Hong Kong SAR: GBL is a dangerous drug controlled under Schedule 1 of the Dangerous Drugs Ordinance, Cap.134 (with exemption clause at Paragraph 16D). /ProcSet 18.00 462.55 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 450.95 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 450.95 Td 0 Tw <20202048616D73746572>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 439.35 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 439.35 Td 0 Tw /MediaBox Gamma butyrolactone is a chemical. <202020496E68616C6174696F6E>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 706.15 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 706.15 Td 0 Tw <202020526174>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 694.55 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 694.55 Td 0 Tw <5661706F722044656E7369747920202020202020202020203320672F6C>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 462.55 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 462.55 Td 0 Tw <536174757261746564205661706F7220436F6E632E2020204E2F41>Tj ET 0 g BT 18.00 450.95 Td 0 Tw >> Although recently passed legislation to enter into force on 1 April 2011 will make it possible to handle narcotics for industrial purposes will enable GBL and 1,4-Butanediol to be classified as controlled substances. %RESERVE=( ) 14 0 obj As a result of this sedation it can cause unconsciousness. <202020202020>Tj ET 0 0 0.753 rg BT 59.40 717.75 Td 0 Tw <39202D20506879736963616C20616E64204368656D6963616C2050726F70657274696573>Tj ET q 0 0 0 RG 0.55 w 59.40 709.05 m 549.30 709.05 l S Q 0 g BT 18.00 706.15 Td 0 Tw <202020202020>Tj ET 0 g BT endstream Synonym: γ-Hydroxybutyric acid lactone, 4-Hydroxybutyric acid lactone, GBL. GBL was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO) and 1,4-BD was obtained from Acros-Fisher (Pittsburgh, PA). pricing. [7], γ-Butyrolactone is produced industrially by dehydrogenation of 1,4-butanediol at a temperature of 180–300 Â°C and atmospheric pressure in the presence of a copper catalyst.