The 16 prefixes used to create multiples and submultiples of SI units are listed in table 7. 2.1 Symbols for quantities. CI. SI derived units with special names, Electric charge, quantity of electricity, Electric potential, potential difference, electromotive force, Absorbed dose, specific energy imparted, kerma, absorbed dose index. . Qualifying abbreviations are usually one or more roman lower case letters. NICS nucleus-independent chemical shift nm nanometer(s) NMO N-methylmorpholine- -oxide NMP N-methylpyrrolidone NMR nuclear magnetic resonance NOE nuclear Overhauser effect NOESY nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy NRT natural resonance theory Nu nucleophile obsd observed OD optical density Selected SI derived units expressed in terms of base units, Table 4. SI includes seven basic units (see table 1). Derived units with special names and symbols are listed in table 4. The electronvolt is the kinetic energy acquired by an electron passing through a potential difference of 1 volt in a vacuum. Start studying Chemistry: Units of Measurement. HAc – Acetic Acid. a) Symbols for monomeric units in macromolecules; these symbols are used to make up abbreviated structural formulas (sometimes called “shorthand” formulas), e.g. Units and Abbreviations December 2015 Draft i Units and Abbreviations . 4.6 Abbreviations, symbols and units for lung function indices The following tables contain abbreviation, symbols and units for some commonly used lung function indices. 1 "Weight” is often used to mean “mass”. NEETC            National Environmental Education and Training Center, Inc. NEPA              National Environmental Policy Act, NES                 Neurobehavioral Evaluation System, NESC              National Electrical Safety Code, NESHAP          Aerospace National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants, NFCI                Non-freezing cold injuries, NFPA               National Fire Protection Association (US), NGO                Non-governmental organization, NHANES          National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHIS                National Health Interview Survey, NHL                 Non-Hodgkins lymphoma, NHS                 National Health Service, NIC                  Newly industrialized countries, NICE                National Institute for the Improvement of Working Conditions and Environment, NIEHS             National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, NIH                  National Institutes of Health (US), NIHG               National Institutes of Health Guidelines (US), NIHL                Noise-induced hearing loss, NIMH               National Institute for Mental Health, NIOSH             National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (US), NiPERA           Nickel Producers Evironmental Research Association, NIPTS             Noise-induced permanent threshold shift, NIR                  Non-ionizing radiation, NK                   Natural killer [cell], NMR                Nuclear magnetic resonance, NMSC              Non-melanocytic skin cancers, NMWCC           National Maximum Workplace Concentration Committee, NOAEL            No observed adverse effect level, NOEL              No observable effect level, NOES              National Occupational Exposure Surveys, NPD                 Nitrogen and phosphorus detector, NPRI                National Pollutant Release Inventory, NRC                 National Research Council (US), NRPB              National Radiological Protection Board, NRR                 Noise Reduction Rating, NSAID             Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, NSC                 National Safety Council (US), NSCLC            Non-small cell lung cancer, NSF                 National Science Foundation, NTCHS            National Technical Committee of Hygienic Standards, NTIS                National Technical Information Service (US), NTOF              National Traumatic Occupational Fatalities, NVOC              Non-volatile organic compound, NYC/TLC         New York City/Taxi and Limousine Commission, OAAAS            Occupational asthma associated with aluminium smelting, OAP                Occupationally acquired pneumonia, OARU              Occupational Accident Research Unit, OAS                Organization of American States, OATUU            Organization of African Trade Union Unity, OAU                Organization of African Unity, OBM                Organization behaviour management, OCD                Occupational cervicobrachial disorder, OCP                Organochlorine pesticides, OCR                Optical character reader, ODC                Occupational Disease Certification, ODIN               Organizational Service for On-going Examinations, ODTS              Organic dust toxic syndrome, OECD              Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, OECD              Organization for Economic and Cultural Development, OEH                Occupational and environmental health, OEL                 Occupational exposure limits, OES                Occupational Exposure Standards, OHAS              Open hybrid automated system, OHC                Occupational health counsellors, OHC                Occupational health centres, OHI                  Occupational health institutions, OHO                Occupational health organization, OHPP              Occupational health promotion physicians, OILPOL           Convention for the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea by Oil, OMB                Office of Management and Budget, OMNI               Occupational Medicine and Nursing Information, OMVPE           Metallorganic chemical-vapour deposition, ONAC              Office des anciens combattants, OP                   Occupational health physician, OPA                Occupational disease prevention, ORSE              Optimal room surveillance equipment, OSHA              Occupational Safety and Health Administration, OSTP              Office of Science and Technology Policy, OTA                Office of Technology Assessment, P&ID                Process and implementation diagrams, P/I                   Piping and instrumentation, PA                   Positive affectivity, PAH                 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, PAHO              Pan-American Health Organization, PAPR              Powered air-purifying respirator, PAQ                Position analysis questionnaire, PAR                 Population attributable risk, PAR                 Parabolic aluminized reflector, PAS                 Pellenberg Audit System, PBPK              Physiologically based pharmacokinetics, PBX                 Private branch exchange, PC                   Programmable controller, PCB                 Polychlorinated biphenyls, PCB                 Printed circuit board, PCI                  Pulverized coal injection, PCMR              Proportionate cancer mortality ratio, PCR                 Polymerase chain reaction, PEL                 Permissible exposure limits, PEP                 Post-exposure prophylaxis, PES                 Programmable Electronic Systems, PET                 Positron-emission tomography, PETE              Partnership for Environmental Technology Education, PFAS               Personal fall arrest system, PFD                 Personal flotation device, PHC                 Municipal health centres in Finland, PHCW              Primary health care workers, PHEL               Physiological heat exposure limit, PHS                 Public Health Service (US), PHWR              Pressurized heavy water reactors, PID                  Photo-ionization detector, PIRS                Passive infrared sensor, PLC                 Programmable logic controller, PLS                 Pregnant leach solution, PMF                Progressive massive fibrosis, PMN                Premanufacture notification, PMR                Proportional mortality ratio, PNOC              Particulate not otherwise classified, PNS                 Peripheral nervous system, POAH              Pre-optic/anterior hypothalamus, POC                Performance operating characteristic, POM                Particulate organic matter, POP                Persistent organic pollutants, POTW             Publicly owned treatment works, PPD                 Purified protein derivative, PPE                 Personal protective equipment, PPO                Preferred provider organization, PRA                 Pre-Retirement Association, PRD                 Product requirements document, PRN                 Planning of Required Nursing, PROBAS         Danish Product Register Data Base, PRV                 Pressure relief valves, PSA                 Prostate specific antigen, PSC                 Probabilistic safety criteria, PSL                 Priority Substances List, PSP                 Paralytic shellfish poisoning, PSS                 Particle size selective, PSS                 Progressive systemic scleroderma, PTS                 Permanent threshold shift, PTSD              Post-traumatic stress disorder, PVD                 Physical vapour deposition, PWI                 Projects with Industry, PWR                Pressurized water reactor, QALY              Quality adjusted life year, QFD                 Quality function deployment, QRA                Quantified risk assessment, QWL                Quality of Working Life, R&D                 Research and development, RAC                 Recombinant Advisory Committee, RACB              Reproductive assessment by continuous breeding, RADS              Reactive airway dysfunction syndrome, RAMS              Russian Academy of Medical Scientists, RAS                 Relative aerobic strain, RBE                 Relative biological effectiveness, RBMK              Pressure tube large power boiling water reactors, RBMK              Power pressure-tube reactor, RCT                 Rational choice theory, REL                 Recommended exposure limits, RES                 Reference Energy System, RES                 Reticuloendothelial system, RFO                 Reduced-flow orifices, RHT                 Risk homeostasis theory, RID                  International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail, RIE                  Reactive ion etching, ROPS              Rollover protective structures, RPE                 Rating of perceived exertion, RPM                Respirable particulate mass, RSI                  Repetitive strain injury, RTB                 Retinol binding protein, RTECS            Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances, RTUM              Rehabilitation Technology Usability Model, SAE                 Society of Automotive Engineers, SAR                 Specific absorption rate, SAR                 Structure-activity relationships, SARA              Superfund Act Reauthorization Amendment (US), SAT                 Soil-aquifer treatment, SBN                 Single breath nitrogen, SBP                 Systolic blood pressure, SBR                 Styrene-butadiene rubber, SBS                 Sick building syndrome, SEER              Surveillance, epidemiology and end results, SCAT              Special casualty access teams, SCBA              Self-contained breathing apparatus, SCE                 Sister chromatid exchange, SCLC               Large cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma, SCUBA            Self-contained underwater breathing apparatus, SDAG              Soviet-German Wismut Company, SDI                  Selective dissemination of information, SDQ                Safety Diagnosis Questionnaire, SDWA              Safe Drinking Water Act, SEAT              Seat effective amplitude transmissibility, SED                 System ergonomic design, SEIU                Service Employees International Union, SELF               Ergonomics Society of French-Speaking Countries, SEMI               Semiconductor Equipment and Materials International, SEN/slide        Single-edge-notched/slide, SET                 Standard effective temperature, SEU                 Subjective expected utility, SEZ                 Special economic zones, SGA                Small for gestational age, SI                    Système international (International system of units of measurements), SI                    Structured interview, SIA                  Semiconductor Industry Association, SIC                  Standard Industrial Classification, SIDS                Sudden infant death syndrome, SIL                  Safety Integrity Level, SIL                  Speech interference levels, SLE                 Systemic lupus erythematosus, SMAW             Shielded metal arc welding, SMC                Surface mount components, SME                Small- and medium-sized enterprises, SMORT           Safety Management and Organization Review Technique, SMP                Suspended particulate matter, SMR                Standardized Mortality Ratio, SMT                Surface mounting technology, SNAP              Sensory action potential, SNOMED         Systematic Nomenclature of Medicine, SOGS              South Oaks Gambling Screen, SOLAS            International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, SOP                Strategic Options Process, SPECT            Single photon emission computed tomography, SPES              Swedish Performance Evaluation System, SPF                 Sun protection factor, SPM                Suspended particulate matter, SPRIA             Society for Participatory Research in Asia, SRR                 Standardized rate ratio, SSE                 Small-scale enterprise, SSM                Superficial spreading melanomas, STD                 Sexually transmitted disease, STEL               Short-term exposure limit, STEP              Sequentially timed events plotting procedure, SUVA              Swiss National Accident Insurance Organization, SVOC              Semi-volatile organic compounds, SWORD           Surveillance of Work-related Respiratory Disease, SXEW              Solvent extraction/ electrowinning process, TABP              Type A behaviour pattern, TAD                 Technical Inspection Service, TBS-GA           Tätigkeitsbewertungs System für geistige Arbeit (Task Diagnosis Survey-Mental Work), TC                   Technical committees, TCC                 Transitional cell carcinoma, TCC                 Thermofor catalytic cracking, THP                 Total Health Promotion, TLD                 Thermoluminescent dosimeters, TLV                 Threshold limit value, TLV-STEL       Threshold limit values- short-term exposure levels, TLV-TWA        Threshold limit value-time weighted average, TNF                 Tumour necrosis factor, TNO                Dutch National Technical Institute, TOP                Technology, organization and personnel, TPDA              Tellurium-radioiodinated fatty acid, TPM                Thoracic particulate mass, TQA                Total quality assurance, TQL                 Total quality leadership, TQM                Total quality management, TRGS              Technical rules for hazardous substances, TRI                  Toxic Release Inventory, TSCA              Toxic Substances Control Act (US), TSD                 Theory of signal detection, TSNA              Tobacco-specific nitrosamines, TSP                 Total suspended particles, TSS                 Total suspended solids, TTS                 Temporary threshold shift, TUC                 Trades Union Congress (UK), TUTB              European Trade Union Technical Bureau for Occupational Safety and Health, TVOC              Total volatile organic compound, TWAL              Time-weighted average limit, UDHR              Universal Declaration of Human Rights, ULPZ               Upper limit of the prescriptive zone, UNCED            United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, UNCETG         United Nations Committee of Experts on Transport of Dangerous Goods, UNCHR            United Nations Commission on Human Rights, UNCLOS          United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea, UNCTAD          United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, UNCTC            United Nations Centre on Transnational Corporations, UNDP              United Nations Development Programme, UNDRO            United Nations Disaster Relief Coordinator Office, UNECE            United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, UNEP              United Nations Environment Programme, UNEP-IRPTC   UNEP International Register of Potentially Toxic Chemicals, UNESCO         United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, UNFCCC          United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, UNFPA            United Nations Fund for Population Activities, UNGA              United Nations General Assembly, UNICE             Union of Industrial and Employers Confederations of Europe, UNIDO             United Nations Industrial Development Organization, UNIPEDE         Union internationale des producteurs et distributeurs d’énergie électrique, UNRTDG         United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, UNSCEAR       United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation, UOEH              University of Occupational and Environmental Health (Japan), USAID             United States Agency for International Development, USBLS            United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, USCFR            United States Code of Federal Regulations, USDA              United States Department of Agriculture, USDHHS          United States Department of Health and Human Services, USDOE            United States Department of Energy, USDOL            United States Department of Labor, USM                University Sains Malaysia, USNRC            United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, USOTA            United States Office of Technology Assessment, USPHS            United States Public Health Services, UST                 Underground storage tanks, UVA                 Ultraviolet radiation-A, UVB                 Ultraviolet radiation-B, UVC                 Ultraviolet radiation-C, UVGI               Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation, UVR                 Ultraviolet radiation, VCR                 Vertical crater retreat, VDT                 Video display terminal, VMT                Vehicle mile travelled, VOC                Volatile organic compound, VPP                 Voluntary protection programme, VVS                 Vibration-related vasospastic syndrome, VWF                Vibration-induced white finger, WAA                Work-aggravated asthma, WANO             World Association of Nuclear Operators, WBC                White blood corpuscles, WBGT             Wet bulb globe temperature, WCB                Workers’ Compensation Board, WCGS             Western Collaborative Group Study, WCL                World Confederation of Labour, WCS                Workers’ compensation system, WEF                Work Environment Fund (Sweden), WERC              Waste-management Education and Research Consortium, WFTU              World Federation of Trade Unions, WHIMS            Wet high-intensity separator, WHMIS            Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (Canada), WHO                World Health Organization, WHPA              Well head protection area, WMA               World Medical Association, WRAP              Waste Reduction Always Pays, WRMD             Work-related musculoskeletal disorder, WTO                World Trade Organization, YMCA              Young Men’s Christian Association, ZCTU               Zambia Congress of Trade Unions, ZeBWis            Wismut Central Care Office, ZIGUV             Central Information System of the BG, " DISCLAIMER: The ILO does not take responsibility for content presented on this web portal that is presented in any language other than English, which is the language used for the initial production and peer-review of original content. 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